Oh man, this discussion could go on for a loooong time!
A good start would probably be buying Obert's book.
But to sum it up, of course there is the precautionary warning of making sure all other systems on the car are functional, ignition, charging, etc. A dysfunctional engine will make it impossible to tune and will frustrate you to no end.
Once you're ready to tackle the carbs, the fuel levels must be set accordingly. Keith has found that to be 2mm below the brim of the passageway to the aux venturi. Then make sure your carbs are in order: no leaks, barrels flow equally, throttle returns correctly, linkage set up properly. Once that is set, you're ready to "tune". Ensure throttles are positioned correctly to the progression holes, sync at idle and high rpm, play with the jetting...
Keith is working on a paper to detail all of this, hopefully he'll have it up soon. We had some very interesting discussions on the physics of what is really going on inside those carbs, and I'm sure he will be covering that in the paper as well.
As far as venturi-to-engine size question, that is a good one and not simple to answer. Venturi size would be best determined empirically. The goal would be to go as big as you can without sacrificing driveability, and this depends on parts availability and the skill (moreso patience) of the tuner.
Intake length sizing is its own discussion, and I've made some fairly detailed posts on it on HybridZ. In a nutshell:
Use air horns, or at least have some sort of radiused opening at the inlet of the carb
Longer intake valve-to-carb inlet length is more efficient at lower rpm
Shorter intake valve-to-carb inlet length is more efficient at higher rpm
Have as few bends as possible and try to make it a straight shot into the cylinder
I've designed a spreadsheet that is supposed to predict intake and exhaust lengths according to RPM but I've yet to test it.
I'm sure Obert's book has the details on it. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals by Heywood has some very good sections on intake and exhaust design. I've recently bought Obert's book, and in some respects it's outdated (which makes it cheap ), but most if not all of the information will be very relevant to the L-series engine.